Appendix II — M — Decisions Cited — M

Ninth Edition, Revision 01.2024

[ Editor Note: Opinions of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board or its predecessor organizations (Board) made available to the public after the Board first published Standard Operating Procedure 2 in 1994 (addressing the publication of Board opinions and the designation of such opinions as precedential) that (1) expressly indicate that the opinion is binding precedent of the Board or (2) are identified as binding precedent on the Board’s Precedential opinion website ( www.uspto.gov/patents-application-process/appealing -patent-decisions/decisions-and-opinions/precedential ) are precedential and binding authority. Prior to 1994, a decision by the Board was considered binding on panels of the Board only if the opinion was authorized by the Board to be published. See Ex parte Holt, 19 USPQ2d 1211 (Bd.Pat. App. & Int. 1991).]

Editor Note: When possible, parallel citations to the United States Reports or Federal Reporter and the United States Patent Quarterly (USPQ) are provided and include pinpoint pages, if appropriate. However, decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit published after July 11, 2022, no longer contain a pinpoint page for the USPQ citations.

M & K Holdings, Inc. v. Samsung Elecs. Co., 985 F.3d 1376, 2021 USPQ2d 123 (Fed. Cir. 2021) 2128.01

Maas, Ex parte, 9 USPQ2d 1746 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) 2107.03

Maatita, In re, 900 F.3d 1369, 127 USPQ2d 1640 (Fed. Cir. 2018) 1503.02 , 1504.04

Mackay Radio & Tel. Co. v. Radio Corp. of America, 306 U.S. 86, 40 USPQ 199 (1939) 2106.04(a)(1) , 2106.05(b)

MacMillan v. Moffett, 432 F.2d 1237, 167 USPQ 550 (CCPA 1970) 2138.04

Mageli, In re, 470 F.2d 1380, 176 USPQ 305 (CCPA 1973) 716.03(b)

Magerlein, In re, 602 F.2d 366, 202 USPQ 473 (CCPA 1979) 716.02(b)

Magnetics v. Arnold Eng’g Co., 438 F.2d 72, 168 USPQ 392 (7th Cir. 1971) 2133.03(e)(7)

MagSil Corp. v. Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, Inc., 687 F.3d 1377, 103 USPQ2d 1769 (Fed. Cir. 2012) 2161.01 , 2164.06(a)

Mahurkar v. C.R. Bard, Inc., 79 F.3d 1572, 38 USPQ2d 1288 (Fed. Cir. 1996) 2163

Malachowski, In re, 530 F.2d 1402, 189 USPQ 432 (CCPA 1976) 2107.02 , 2107.03

Maldague, In re, 10 USPQ2d 1477 (Comm’r Pat. 1988) 711.03(c)

Maloney, In re, 411 F.2d 1321, 162 USPQ 98 (CCPA 1969) 2144.09

Malvern Panalytical Inc. v. TA Instruments-Waters LLC, 85 F.4th 1365, 2023 USPQ2d 1297 (Fed. Cir. 2023) 2111.01

Mancy, In re, 499 F.2d 1289, 182 USPQ 303 (CCPA 1974) 2116.01

Mann, In re, 861 F.2d 1581, 8 USPQ2d 2030 (Fed. Cir. 1988) 1504.02 , 1504.04 , 2133.03(e)(6)

Mannesmann Demag Corp. v. Engineered Metal Products Co., 793 F.2d 1279, 230 USPQ 45 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 2111.03

Mantell, In re, 454 F.2d 1398, 172 USPQ 530 (CCPA 1972) 715.03

Manville Sales Corp. v. Paramount Sys., Inc., 917 F.2d 544, 16 USPQ2d 1587 (Fed. Cir. 1990) 2133.03 , 2133.03(a)

Marden, In re, 47 F.2d 958, 8 USPQ 347 (CCPA 1931) 2106.04(c)

Margolis, In re, 785 F.2d 1029, 228 USPQ 940 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 716.01(a)

Margolis v. Banner, 599 F.2d 435, 202 USPQ 365 (CCPA 1979) 804.03

Marinissen, Ex parte, 155 USPQ 528, 842 O.G. 528 (Bd. App. 1966) 1504.02

Markush, Ex parte, 1925 C.D. 126, 340 O.G. 839 (Comm’r Pat. 1924) 803.02 , 2117 , 2173.05(h)

Marosi, In re, 710 F.2d 799, 218 USPQ 289 (Fed. Cir. 1983) 2111.01 , 2113 , 2158.01 , 2173.05(b) , 2173.05(g)

Mars Inc. v. H.J. Heinz Co., 377 F.3d 1369, 71 USPQ2d 1837 (Fed. Cir. 2004) 2111.03

Marsh Eng’g Co., In re, 1913 C.D. 183 (Comm’r Pat. 1913) 103

Martin, In re, 154 F.2d 126, 69 USPQ 75 (CCPA 1946) 1211.03

Martin v. Johnson, 454 F.2d 746, 172 USPQ 391 (CCPA 1972) 2163 , 2173.05(t)

Martin v. Mayer, 823 F.2d 500, 3 USPQ2d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 1987) 2163

Marzocchi, In re, 439 F.2d 220, 169 USPQ 367 (CCPA 1971) 2107.01 , 2107.02 , 2124 , 2163 , 2163.04 , 2164.03 , 2164.04 , 2164.08

Masco Corp. v. United States, 303 F.3d 1316, 64 USPQ2d 1182 (Fed. Cir. 2002) 2181

Masham, Ex parte, 2 USPQ2d 1647 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) 2114

Mas-Hamilton Group v. LaGard, Inc., 156 F.3d 1206, 48 USPQ2d 1010 (Fed. Cir. 1998) 2181

Massachusetts Institute of Technology v. A.B. Fortia, 774 F.2d 1104, 227 USPQ 428 (Fed. Cir. 1985) 2128.01 , 2152.02(e) , 2164.01

Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Electronics For Imaging, Inc. v. Abacus Software, 462 F.3d 1344, 80 USPQ2d 1225 (Fed. Cir. 2006) 2173.01 , 2181

Mastermine Software, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp., 874 F.3d 1307, 124 USPQ2d 1618 (Fed. Cir. 2017) 2173.05(p)

Mathews, In re, 408 F.2d 1393, 161 USPQ 276 (CCPA 1969) 715.01(c) , 2136.04 , 2136.05

Mattison, In re, 509 F.2d 563, 184 USPQ 484 (CCPA 1975) 2173.05(b) , 2173.05(c)

Mattor v. Coolegem, 530 F.2d 1391, 189 USPQ 201 (CCPA 1976) 2109

Mattson, In re, 208 USPQ 168 (Comm’r Pat. 1980) 601.01(e)

Mattullath, In re, 38 App. D.C. 497 (1912) 2734

Maucorps, In re, 609 F.2d 481, 203 USPQ 812 (CCPA 1979) 2106.04(a)(1) , 2184

May, In re, 574 F.2d 1082, 197 USPQ 601 (CCPA 1978) 716.02(c) , 1207.03(a) , 2112.02 , 2144.08 , 2144.09

Mayewsky, In re, 860 F.2d 430, 162 USPQ 86 (E.D. Va. 1969) 1701.01

Mayhew, In re, 527 F.2d 1229, 188 USPQ 356 (CCPA 1976) 2163 , 2163.05 , 2164.08(c) , 2172.01 , 2174

Mayne, In re, 104 F.3d 1339, 41 USPQ2d 1451 (Fed. Cir. 1977) 2144.09 , 2145

Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Labs., Inc., 566 U.S. 66, 101 USPQ2d 1961 (2012) 2106 , 2106.04 , 2106.04(a)(1) , 2106.04(a)(2) , 2106.04(b) , 2106.05 , 2106.05(c) , 2106.05(d) , 2106.05(f) , 2106.05(g) , 2106.05(h) , 2106.06 , 2106.07(b)

Mayo Found. for Med. Educ. & Research v. Iancu, 938 F.3d 1343, 2019 USPQ2d 346079 (Fed. Cir. 2019) 2731

Mazer v. Stein, 347 U.S. 201, 100 USPQ 325 (1954) 1512

Maziere, Ex parte, 27 USPQ2d 1705 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) 608.01(p)

MBO Laboratories, Inc. v. Becton, Dickinson & Co., 602 F.3d 1306, 94 USPQ2d 1598 (Fed. Cir. 2010) 1412.02

McCulloch Gas Processing Co. v. Dept. of Energy, 650 F.2d 1216 (Temp. Emer. Ct. App. 1981) 1701.01

McAward, Ex parte, Appeal 2015-006416 (PTAB Aug. 25, 2017) 2173.02

McCullough, Ex parte, 7 USPQ2d 1889 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) 2145

McDaniel, In re, 293 F.3d 1379, 63 USPQ2d 1462 (Fed. Cir. 2002) 1205.02

McDonald, In re, 43 F.4th 1340, 2022 USPQ2d 745 (Fed. Cir. 2022) 1412.02

McGaughey, Ex parte, 6 USPQ2d 1334 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) 2217 , 2258

McGrady v. Aspenglas Corp., 487 F. Supp 859, 208 USPQ 242 (S.D. N.Y. 1981) 1503.01 , 1504.01(a)

McGrew, In re, 120 F.3d 1236, 43 USPQ2d 1632 (Fed. Cir. 1997) 715.05 , 2304.02(c)

McKellin, In re, 529 F.2d 1342, 188 USPQ 428 (CCPA 1976) 715

McKenna, In re, 203 F.2d 717, 97 USPQ 348 (CCPA 1953) 716.01(c)

McLaughlin, In re, 443 F.2d 1392, 170 USPQ 209 (CCPA 1971) 707.07(f) , 2145

McNeil-PPC, In re, 574 F.3d 1393, 91 USPQ2d 1576 (Fed. Cir. 2009) 1214.01

McRO, Inc. v. Bandai Namco Games America, Inc. 837 F.3d 1299, 120 USPQ2d 1091 (Fed. Cir. 2016) 2106 , 2106.04 , 2106.04(a) , 2106.04(a)(1) , 2106.04(a)(2) , 2106.05 , 2106.05(a) , 2106.05(b) , 2106.05(c) , 2106.05(f) , 2106.06(b)

McRO, Inc. v. Bandai Namco Games Am. Inc., 959 F.3d 1091, 2020 USPQ2d 10550 (Fed. Cir. 2020) 2164.01(a) , 2164.08

Mead, In re, 581 F.2d 251, 198 USPQ 412 (CCPA 1978) 1412.01

Mead Johnson & Co., Ex parte, 227 USPQ 78 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1985) 716.02(a)

Mead Johnson Pharmaceutical Group v. Bowen, 838 F.2d 1332, 6 USPQ2d 1565 (DC Cir. 1988) 2754.01

Media Rights Technologies, Inc. v. Capital One Financial Corp., 800 F.3d 1366, 116 USPQ2d 1144 (Fed. Cir. 2015) 2181

Medical Instrumentation & Diagnostics Corp. v. Elekta AB, 344 F.3d 1205, 68 USPQ2d 1263 (Fed. Cir. 2003) 2181 , 2182

Medichem, S.A. v. Rolabo, S.L., 437 F.3d 1157, 77 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed Cir. 2006) 2141.02 , 2143.01

Medicines Co. v. Hospira, Inc., 827 F.3d 1363, 119 USPQ2d 1329 (Fed. Cir. 2016) 2133.03(b)

Medrad, Inc. v. MRI Devices Corp., 401 F.3d 1313, 74 USPQ2d 1184 (Fed. Cir. 2005) 2173.02

Medrad, Inc. v. Tyco Healthcare Group LP, 466 F.3d 1047, 80 USPQ2d 1526 (Fed. Cir. 2006) 1402

Medtronic, Inc. v. Barry, 891 F.3d 1368, 127 USPQ2d 1208 (Fed. Cir. 2018) 2128

Medtronic, Inc. v. Cardiac Pacemakers, 721 F.2d 1563, 220 USPQ 97 (Fed. Cir. 1983) 2141.01(a)

Mehta, Ex parte, Appeal No. 2000-0160 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2002) 2172.01

Meitzner v. Corte, 537 F.2d 524, 190 USPQ 407 (CCPA 1976) 2138.05

Mendenhall v. Cedarapids, Inc., 5 F.3d 1557, 28 USPQ2d 1081 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 211.05

Mentor Corp. v. Coloplast, Inc., 998 F.2d 992, 27 USPQ2d 1521 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 1412.02

Mentor Graphics v. EVE-USA, Inc., 851 F.3d 1275, 112 USPQ2d 1120 (Fed. Cir. 2017) 2106 , 2106.03 , 2106.04(a)(2)

Merchant, In re, 575 F.2d 865, 197 USPQ 785 (CCPA 1978) 716.02(e)

Merck & Cie v. Gnosis S.p.A., 808 F.3d 829, 117 USPQ2d 1393 (Fed. Cir. 2015) 716.03(b)

Merck & Co., Inc. In re, 800 F.2d 1091, 231 USPQ 375 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 2141.03

Merck & Co. v. Biocraft Laboratories, 874 F.2d 804, 10 USPQ2d 1843 (Fed. Cir. 1989) 716.02(a) , 2123 , 2144.05 , 2144.08

Merck & Co., Inc., In re, 800 F.2d 1091, 231 USPQ 375 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 707.07(f) , 716.02 , 2143.02 , 2144.08 , 2144.09 , 2145

Merck & Co., Inc. v. Hi-Tech Pharmacal, Co., Inc., 482 F.3d 1317, 82 USPQ2d 1203 (Fed. Cir. 2007) 804.05 , 2701 , 2751

Merck & Co. v. Teva Pharms. USA, Inc., 395 F.3d 1364, 73 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed. Cir. 2005) 2111.01

Mergenthaler v. Scudder, 11 App. D.C., 1897 C.D. 724, 81 O.G. 1417 (D.C. Cir. 1897) 715 , 715.07 , 2146.02

Messick, Ex parte, 7 USPQ 57, 1930 C.D. 6, 400 O.G. 3 (Comm’r Pat.1930) 710.01(a)

Metabolite Labs., Inc. v. Lab. Corp. of Am. Holdings, 370 F.3d 1354, 71 USPQ2d 1081 (Fed. Cir. 2004) 2111.02 , 2112

Metcalfe, In re, 410 F.2d 1378, 161 USPQ 789 (CCPA 1969) 608.01(v) , 2404.01

Metropolitan Eng. Co. v. Coe, 78 F.2d 199, 25 USPQ 216 (D.C. Cir. 1935) 716.07

Meyer, Ex parte, 6 USPQ2d 1966 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) 2145

Meyer, In re, 599 F.2d 1026, 202 USPQ 175 (CCPA 1979) 2131.02

Meyer, In re, 688 F.2d 789, 215 USPQ 193 (CCPA 1982) 2106.04(a)(2) , 2184

Meyers, In re, 688 F.2d 789, 215 USPQ 193 (CCPA 1982) 2106.05(g)

Michalek, In re, 162 F.2d 229, 74 USPQ 107 (CCPA 1947) 716.07

Micro Chemical, Inc. v. Great Plains Chemical Co., 103 F.3d 1538, 41 USPQ2d 1238 (Fed. Cir. 1997) 2133.03(b)

Microsoft Corp. v. AT&T Corp., 550 U.S. 437, 82 USPQ2d 1400 (2007) 2106.03 , 2106.04(a)(2)

Midwest Indus., Inc. v. Karavan Trailers, Inc., 175 F.3d 1356, 50 USPQ2d 1672 (Fed. Cir. 1999) 716.03(b) , 716.06

Milburn v. Davis-Bournonville Co., 270 U.S. 390, 46 S. Ct. 324, 1926 C.D. 303, 344 O.G. 817 (1926) 2136.04

Miles Labs. Inc. v. Shandon Inc., 997 F.2d 870, 27 USPQ2d 1123 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 716.01(a)

Miller, In re, 418 F.2d 1392, 164 USPQ 46 (CCPA 1969) 2111.05 , 2112.01

Miller, In re, 441 F.2d 689, 169 USPQ 597 (CCPA 1971) 2143.03 , 2173.04

Miller v. Eagle Mfg. Co., 151 U.S. 186 (1894) 804 , 804.01 , 804.02

Mills, In re, 281 F.2d 218, 126 USPQ 513 (CCPA 1960) 2144.09

Mills, In re, 916 F.2d 680, 16 USPQ2d 1430 (Fed. Cir. 1990) 2144.08

Milton, Ex parte, 63 USPQ 132 (P.O. Super. Exam. 1938) 710.04(a)

Minerals Separation, Ltd. v. Hyde, 242 U.S. 261 (1916) 2144.05 , 2164.01

Minton v. Natl. Ass’n. of Securities Dealers, Inc., 336 F.3d 1373, 67 USPQ2d 1614 (Fed. Cir. 2003) 2106.03 , 2111.04 , 2133.03(c)

Miyazaki, Ex parte, 89 USPQ2d 1207 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2008) 2173.05(b)

Mlot-Fijalkowski, In re, 676 F.2d 666, 213 USPQ 713 (CCPA 1982) 2141.01(a)

Moba, B.V. v. Diamond Automation, Inc., 325 F.3d 1306, 66 USPQ2d 1429 (Fed. Cir. 2003) 2163

Mochel, In re, 470 F.2d 638, 176 USPQ 194 (CCPA 1974) 2173.05(c)

Mogen David Wine Corp., In re, 328 F.2d 925, 140 USPQ 575 (CCPA 1964) 1512

Mohsenzadeh v. Lee, 115 USPQ2d 1483 (Fed. Cir. 2015) 2732

Moleculon Research Corp. v. CBS, Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 229 USPQ 805 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 2111.03 , 2133.03(a) , 2133.03(b)

Moler v. Purdy, 131 USPQ 276 (Bd. Pat. Inter. 1960) 2109.01

Molins, In re, 368 F.2d 258, 151 USPQ 570 (CCPA 1966) 1449.02

Molins PLC v. Textron Inc., 48 F.3d 1172, 33 USPQ2d 1823 (Fed. Cir. 1995) 2004

Monks, In re, 588 F.2d 308, 200 USPQ 129 (CCPA 1978) 1504 , 2126.01 , 2135.01

Monogram Mfg. v. F. & H. Mfg., 144 F.2d 412, 62 USPQ 409 (9th Cir. 1944) 2133.03(e)(1)

Monsanto Co. v. Kamp, 269 F. Supp 818, 154 USPQ 259 (D.D.C. 1967) 602.09

Monsanto Co. v. Mycogen Plant Sci., Inc., 261 F.3d 1356, 59 USPQ2d 1930 (Fed. Cir. 2001) 2138.06

Moore, In re, 439 F.2d 1232, 169 USPQ 236 (CCPA 1971) 1504.04 , 2161.01 , 2164.08 , 2172 , 2173.03

Moore, In re, 444 F.2d 572, 170 USPQ 260 (CCPA 1971) 715.07

Moore v. U.S., 194 USPQ 423 (Ct. Cl. 1977) 2134

Morehouse, In re, 545 F.2d 162, 192 USPQ 29 (CCPA 1976) 2164.06(c)

Moreton, In re, 288 F.2d 708, 129 USPQ 227 (CCPA 1961) 2121 , 2173.05(q)

Morgan, In re, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 1415.01 , 1443

Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843, 12 USPQ2d 1125 (Fed. Cir. 1989) 1216.01 , 2308.04

Morris, In re, 127 F.3d 1048, 44 USPQ2d 1023 (Fed. Cir. 1997) 904.01 , 2111 , 2111.01 , 2163 , 2173.01 , 2173.02 , 2173.05(a) , 2181

Morsa, In re, 713 F.3d 104, 106 USPQ2d 1327 (Fed. Cir. 2013) 2121

Morse v. Porter, 155 USPQ 280 (Bd. Pat. Inter. 1965) 2109

Mortgage Grader, Inc. v. First Choice Loan Servs., 811 F.3d. 1314, 117 USPQ2d 1693 (Fed. Cir. 2015) 2106.04(a)(2)

Morton, Ex parte, 134 USPQ 407 (Bd. App. 1961) 2173.05(t)

Morton Int’l, Inc. v. Cardinal Chem. Co., 5 F.3d 1464, 28 USPQ2d 1190 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 2173.02

Morway v. Bondi, 203 F.2d 742, 97 USPQ 318 (CCPA 1953) 2138.06

Mosher, In re, 248 F.2d 956, 115 USPQ 140 (CCPA 1957) 1216.01

Mostafazadeh, In re, 643 F.3d 1353, 98 USPQ2d 1639 (Fed. Cir. 2011) 1412.01 , 1412.02

Mott, In re, 539 F.2d 1291, 190 USPQ 536 (CCPA 1976) 804 , 2181

Mouttet, In re, 686 F.3d 1322, 103 USPQ2d 1219 (Fed. Cir. 2012) 2145

Mowry, Ex parte, 91 USPQ 219 (Bd. App. 1950) 2144.09

Mowry v. Whitney, 81 U.S. (14 Wall.) 620 (1871) 2164.07

Mraz, In re, 455 F.2d 1069, 173 USPQ 25 (CCPA 1972) 2125

MRC Innovations, Inc. v. Hunter Mfg., LLP, 747 F.3d 1326, 110 USPQ2d 1235 (Fed. Cir. 2014) 1504.03

Mulder, In re, 716 F.2d 1542, 219 USPQ 189 (Fed. Cir. 1983) 2138.06 , 2183 , 2184

Multiform Desiccants Inc. v. Medzam Ltd., 133 F.3d 1473, 45 USPQ2d 1429 (Fed. Cir. 1998) 2111.01

Multilayer Stretch Cling Film Holdings, Inc. v. Berry Plastics Corp., 831 F.3d 1350, 119 USPQ2d 1773 (Fed. Cir. 2016) 803.02 , 2111.03 , 2117

Multiple Litigation Involving Frost Patent, In re, 540 F.2d 601, 191 USPQ 241 (3d Cir. 1976) 2016

Munchkin, Inc. v. Luv N’ Care, Ltd., 110 USPQ2d 1580 (P.T.A.B. 2014) 1504.04

Muniauction, Inc. v. Thomson Corp., 532 F.3d 1318, 87 USPQ2d 1350 (Fed. Cir. 2008) 2114 , MPEP § 2143

Musgrave, In re, 431 F.2d 882, 167 USPQ 280 (CCPA 1970) 2173.05(b)